NASA, America's space agency, said Tuesday that Greenland had more days of melting snow and at higher altitudes last year than the average established during the previous 18 years that satellite measurements have been taken.
Areas along Greenland's western, southeastern and northeastern coast saw the largest number of melt days last year.
"The sensors detected that snowmelt occurred more than 10 days longer than the average over certain areas of Greenland in 2006," said Marco Tedesco, a scientist at the Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology, which is managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and the University of Maryland.
If Greenland's vast ice sheet were to melt completely, while not expected, it would raise ocean levels worldwide by 20 feet, swamping coastal areas.
"The melting snow produces liquid water that will potentially influence sea levels," Tedesco, the lead author of the study published Tuesday in the journal Eos, said in a statement. "And some of the liquid water will drain into the glaciers through cracks and vertical passages, called moulins, reaching the bedrock below and lubricating the ice sheet."
Earlier NASA studies have found the water from summer melting at the Greenland ice sheet's base can increase how fast the ice moves, "causing it to contribute more rapidly to sea level than previously thought," NASA said. "This phenomenon, together with others recently observed, suggest that the ice might respond more quickly to a warming climate."
Tedesco noted that even the melting snow that refreezes can have a significant impact on climate.
"Although wet and dry snow look similar at first glance, wet and re-frozen snow absorb more of the sun's radiation, reflecting only 50 to 60 percent back into the atmosphere," he said. "Dry snow, on the other hand, reflects about 85 percent of the sun's radiation."
Comment: Readers are referred to
Fire and Ice: The Day After Tomorrow and the information pertaining to Greenland 'melting'.
Here is the
abstract of the recent study published in the journal Eos.
Abstract
We propose a technique for monitoring snowmelt over the Greenland ice sheet between 1992 and 2005 based on the difference between ascending and descending brightness temperatures (DAV) measured either at 19.35- or 37- GHz by the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I). Wet snow is detected when both brightness temperatures and DAV values exceed fixed thresholds. Differently from existing techniques, a multi-frequency approach allows detection of wet snow at different depths and intensities, providing a tool for improving climatological and hydrological applications. Air temperature values either recorded by ground based stations or derived from model are used for calibrating and validating the technique. Results are compared with those obtained using backscattering coefficients recorded by the NASA's Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) during an extreme melting event occurring on June 2002. Long-term results show that snowmelt extent has been increasing at a rate of ∼40,000 Km2 per year for the past 14 years.
Comment: Readers are referred to Fire and Ice: The Day After Tomorrow and the information pertaining to Greenland 'melting'.
Here is the abstract of the recent study published in the journal Eos.
Abstract